[Prevalence of sexual function alterations in mexican subjects with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in a High-Specialty Medical Unit]. / Prevalencia de las alteraciones de la función sexual (AFS) en sujetos mexicanos con diabetes mellitus de tipo 1 (DM1) y 2 (DM2) que acuden a una Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE).

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of sexual function alterations in Mexican subjects with diabetes mellitus (DM) attended in a highly specialized medical unit. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sociodemographic variables were evaluated, and the DM, male and female sexual function with an ad hoc questionnaire and Female Sexual Function Index or International Index of Erectile Function. Data were processed using the SPSS statistical analysis program version 19. RESULTS: 212 subjects were selected, 120 women and 92 men. The global prevalence of sexual function alterations was 81.1%. In women it was 83.3% and 78.3% in men, with 73.7% and 63.1%, respectively, in those under 40 years of age. The highest prevalence occurred among women aged 50-59 years and men between 60-69 (± 95%), married (> 80%), pensioners and women of the household (± 90%), with primary educational level (100%), men with type 1 DM or women with type 2 DM (> 85%), and with 21 years or more of DM diagnosis (90-100%). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of sexual function alterations in Mexican subjects with DM is higher than worldwide reported; women have higher prevalence of sexual function alterations than men.

Correlación del monitoreo glucémico entre el método visual y computarizado pre y post capacitación / Correlation ot blood glucose monitoring with reactive strips and central laboratory after and before training

Introducción: El monitoreo de la glucosa se obtiene del cambio en la tinción de la zona de una tira reactiva. La educación en diabetes incluye el conocimiento de las mediciones en sangre capilar. Objetivo: Conocer si la capacitación a enfermeras influye en la precisión del monitoreo de glucemia en ayunas. Material y método: Estudio transversal, observacional, descriptivo, comparativo, de intervención educativa en 116 pacientes diabéticos hospitalizados. Las determinaciones se realizaron en forma ciega por enfermería, antes y después de la capacitación en días diferentes, y las muestras de sangre venosa por el personal del laboratorio. Resultados: Su distribución por sexo fue 22 mujeres y 25 hombres en el grupo pre-intervención y 30 mujeres y 39 hombres en el grupo post-intervención. El coeficiente de correlación fue de 0.45 entre las muestras de glucosa por tira reactiva y las de laboratorio antes de la intervención educativa y de 0.77 después de la intervención educativa. El 11% de los pacientes descontrolados metabólicamente quedaban sin diagnosticarse por imprecisión del método con tira visual; después de la intervención educativa disminuyó a 8%. La diferencia de los valores promedios obtenidos por laboratorio y por tira reactiva fue significativa (p<0.05) en los dos grupos. Conclusiones: Los resultados de la correlación que existe entre los resultados de glucemia por laboratorio y con tira reactiva visuales baja y coincide con lo reportado en la literatura, pero mejora con la intervención educativa hacia el personal involucrado en su determinación.

Introduction: The results of capillary glucose testing are obtained by especific zone strip tincture. The current use of accurate blood glucose monitor are even more used nowadays, so, health diabetes team education is a priority. Frequently on clinical practice there are not correlation between visual test strips and reference laboratory. Objective: To know the correlation between different glucose monitoring according hospital educational intervention program training. Methods: Transversal, comparative, intervention study Visual testing monitoring before and after educational intervention program were compared with central laboratory results. We use t-student and Parson's "r" correlation test. Results: 116 hospitalized subjects were studied. 52 women and 64 male correlation coefficient was 0.45 between visual strips and referral laboratory and 0.77 after education intervention. Difference in values obtained from reactive strip and laboratory tests was significative (<0.05) in both groups. Conclusions: This study shows that correlation between results of both tests is low and it is related to the existing evidence found in the literature review, and it is improved after the introduction of the education (training) program.

Changes in insulin sensitivity, secretion and glucose effectivenes during menstrual cycle

Background. Several clinical condition suggest an effect of sex steroids on glucose homeostasis in women. Studies examining this phenomenon have yielded controversial results. Methods. To investigate the effect of the menstrul cycle on insulin sensitivity, glucose effectiveness and acute insulin response to glucose using the tolbutamide-modified intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) during the follicular (day 8 ñ 1) and luteal (day 23 ñ 1) phases of the menstrual cycle, the authors recruited 12 healthy regular menstruating women. All had fasting glucose concentration of < 100 µ/dl (89.7 ñ 6.2) with no family history of diabetes mellitus; their body mass indices were < 25 kg/m² (22.41 ñ 1.44 kg/m²). Results. The mean insulin sensitivity (Si) values decreased during the cycle. Insulin sensitivity (Si X 10-4/min.mU/ml) was higher in the follicular phase (5.03 ñ 0.72) and decreased in the luteal phase (2.22 ñ 0.45) (p< 0.001). Glucose effectivenes (Sg min-1) not change as a function of the phase of the menstrual cycle. Sg estimates were 0.0229 ñ 0.00323 in the follicular phase, and 0.0225 ñ 0.00319 (p= NS) in the luteal phase, respectively. Acute insulin response (AIR mU/ml) was 276.4 ñ in the follicular phase. An adaptative increase (304.4 ñ 51.1) in response to the insulin resistance during the luteal phase was observed, but this increase was not statistically significant (p= NS). Conclusions. Knowledge of the variations in insulin sensitivity that occur during the normal menstrual cycle provides a basis of comparison for studies of other clinical conditions. Also, this phenomenon should be considered if the determination of insulin resistance is the purpose of certain epidemiological studies

Eficacia clínica de una quinolona en la neumonía nosocomial / Clinical efficacy of a quinolone in nosocomial pneumonia

El presente estudio muestra la eficacia clínica con una fluoroquinolona, la pefloxacina, en el manejo de la neumonía nosocomial, medida a través de la respuesta clínica, la eliminación de los patógenos responsables de la enfermedad y la disminución de la estancia hospitalaria. Se analizan las características epidemiológicas de los pacientes con esta complicación, la magnitud y trascendencia del problema y la necesidad de buscar alternativas terapéuticaspara su mejor manejo